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By Peter Townsend, David Gordon
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Extra resources for World Poverty: New Policies to Defeat an Old Enemy (Studies in Poverty, Inequality & Social Exclusion)
Sample text
Of the 79 countries eligible for these ESAF loans – on condition they complied with the IMF in setting “specific, quantifiable plans for financial policies” – 36 had done so. Since World Bank aid also depends on fulfilling IMF criteria there is intense pressure on governments to accede. Critics have now concluded that countries which stayed out of the ESAF programme “began and remained better off by not accepting its advice”. Those accepting the programme “have experienced profound economic crises: low or even declining economic growth, much larger foreign debts, and the stagnation that perpetuates systemic poverty”.
House of Commons Social Services Committee, Minimum Income, House of Commons 579, London, HMSO. Townsend, P. with Corrigan, P. and Kowarzik, U. (1987) Poverty and labour in London, London: Low Pay Unit. UN (United Nations) (1995) The Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action: World Summit for Social Development, New York, NY: UN. UN (1999) Further initiatives for the implementation of the outcome of the World Summit for Social Development, Report of the Secretary General, Preparatory Committee for the Special Session of the General Assembly, 17-28 May, New York, NY: UN.
One hundred years ago, different governments, including those of Britain and Germany as well as of smaller countries like New Zealand and Norway, responded to the manifest problems of poverty in those days. There were innovations which led to the establishment of national welfare states and a more civilised form of economic development. Early in the 21st century the prospect of even greater social self-destruction, experienced as an accompanying feature of social polarisation, looms before us – unless urgent countervailing measures are taken.