Category: Solid State Physics

By Michael G. Zabetakis Ph.D. (auth.)

By Antonio Barone

This publication surveys all features of the Josephson effect-from the underlying actual thought to genuine and proposed engineering purposes. either ends of this spectrum are attention-grabbing. The actual thought is novel and demanding for lots of macroscopic quantum results, that have a wealthy and but untapped capability for technical improvement. we try the following to give greater than a survey and not more than an exhaustive exposition of this broad box. instead of to hide every thing, now we have attempted to discover these points of thought, fabrication expertise, and machine program that might be of lasting price.

By Amandine Aftalion

Because the first experimental success of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in 1995 and the award of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2001, the houses of those gaseous quantum fluids were the focal point of overseas curiosity in condensed subject physics. This monograph is devoted to the mathematical modeling of a few particular experiments which show vortices and to a rigorous research of positive aspects rising experimentally.In distinction to a classical fluid, a quantum fluid equivalent to a Bose-Einstein condensate can rotate in basic terms in the course of the nucleation of quantized vortices past a few severe speed. There are fascinating regimes: one on the subject of the serious speed, the place there's just one vortex that has a really designated form; and one other one at excessive rotation values, for which a dense lattice is observed.One of the foremost gains regarding superfluidity is the life of those vortices. We tackle this factor mathematically and derive info on their form, quantity and site. within the dilute restrict of the experiments, the condensate is definitely defined by way of a median box conception and a macroscopic wave functionality fixing the so-called Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The mathematical instruments hired are strength estimates, Gamma convergence, and homogenization recommendations. We turn out life of recommendations that experience homes in keeping with the experimental observations. Open difficulties with regards to fresh experiments are presented.The paintings can function a reference for mathematical researchers and theoretical physicists drawn to superfluidity and quantum condensates, and will additionally supplement a graduate seminar in elliptic PDEs or modeling of actual experiments.

By Nan Lin Wang, Hideo Hosono, Pengcheng Dai

From basic physics viewpoint, iron-based superconductors have houses which are extra amenable to band structural calculations. This e-book experiences the growth made during this interesting box. With contributions from prime specialists, the publication offers a advisor to figuring out fabrics, actual houses, and superconductivity mechanism points, and is necessary for college kids and rookies to have an total view of the new growth during this lively box.

By Russell E. Walstedt

The NMR probe has yielded an enormous array of knowledge for the high-T_c fabrics, comparable to diverse compounds, ionic websites, and nuclear species, in addition to to a wide selection of experimental stipulations. Over the 20 years, because the discovery of superconducting cuprates, ongoing research and dialogue of cuprate NMR information have led to a wealth of vital insights into the physics of those unique structures. The goals of this monograph are threefold. First, it stories NMR method because it has been utilized to the cuprate reviews. this can be addressed to NMR practitioners and to physics laypersons alike. subsequent, it provides a evaluate of cuprate NMR measurements and the wide range of phenomena which they characterize. The 3rd section is to recount the theoretical version calculations and different proposals that have been recommend to account for those facts. components and 3 are awarded in parallel, as there are numerous points to either issues, every one with its personal attention-grabbing background. there's, even 20 years on, a considerable point of present theoretical improvement underway relating to high-T_c. hence, there are theoretical controversies to be addressed, particularly that among the only and two-component photos of NMR dynamics, which can now not be resolved for a while to return. additional, even if one must say that the experimental photograph is essentially settled for high-T_c NMR experiences, theoretical controversies may well legitimately demand new, more advantageous or extra broad facts. There also are obvious conflicts among NMR and neutron scattering effects. those needs to be addressed and rationalized very conscientiously. What continues to be finally, then, is a picture of an ongoing firm, that's definitely the grandest application ever undertaken lower than the rubric of condensed subject NMR studies.

By Chang Q Sun

The goal of this booklet is to discover the detectable homes of a fabric to the parameters of bond and non-bond concerned and to elucidate the interdependence of varied houses. This e-book consists of 4 elements; half I bargains with the formation and leisure dynamics of bond and non-bond in the course of chemisorptions with uncovering of the correlation one of the chemical bond, power band and floor power barrier (3B) in the course of reactions; half II is concentrated at the rest of bonds among atoms with fewer acquaintances than definitely the right in bulk with unraveling of the bond order-length-strength (BOLS) correlation mechanism, which clarifies the character distinction among nanostructures and bulk of an identical substance; half III offers with the relief dynamics of bond lower than heating and compressing with revealing of ideas at the temperature-resolved elastic and plastic homes of low-dimensional fabrics; half IV is concentrated at the uneven rest dynamics of the hydrogen bond (O:H-O) and the anomalous habit of water and ice lower than cooling, compressing and clustering. the objective viewers for this ebook contains scientists, engineers and practitioners within the zone of floor technological know-how and nanoscience.

By Professor Dr. Franz Schwabl (auth.)

Dieses bew?hrte Lehrbuch der Quantenmechanik ist auch in der three. Auflage wieder vom Autor berichtigt und verbessert worden. Ausgehend von der historischen Entwicklung werden die Grundpostulate erschlossen. Neben den Grundlagen und vielen Anwendungen werden auch neue Aspekte der Quantentheorie und deren experimentelle ?berpr?fungen dargestellt. Durch explizite Ausf?hrung aller Zwischenrechnungen wird die Quantenmechanik dem Studierenden obvious gemacht. Im Anhang finden sich mathematische Hilfsmittel zur L?sung linearer Differentialgleichungen sowie erg?nzende Formeln. Kapitel zur supersymmetrischen Quantenmechanik und zur Theorie des Me?prozesses in der Quantenmechanik finden Interesse bei allen, die tiefer in die Thematik eindringen m?chten.

By Leonard J. Brillson

A complicated point textbook masking geometric, chemical, and digital constitution of digital fabrics, and their purposes to units in accordance with semiconductor surfaces, metal-semiconductor interfaces, and semiconductor heterojunctions.

Starting with the basics of electric measurements on semiconductor interfaces, it then describes the significance of controlling macroscopic electric homes through atomic-scale options. next chapters current the wide variety of floor and interface recommendations on hand to signify digital, optical, chemical, and structural houses of digital fabrics, together with semiconductors, insulators, nanostructures, and organics. the fundamental physics and chemistry underlying every one process is defined in enough intensity with references to the main authoritative resources for extra exhaustive discussions, whereas various examples are supplied all through to demonstrate the functions of every technique.

With its normal examining lists, wide citations to the textual content, and challenge units appended to all chapters, this can be excellent for college kids of electric engineering, physics and fabrics technology. It both serves as a reference for physicists, fabric technology and electric and digital engineers desirous about floor and interface technological know-how, semiconductor processing, and gadget modeling and layout.
This is a coproduction of Wiley and IEEE

* unfastened options guide to be had for academics at www.wiley-vch.de/supplements/

Content:
Chapter 1 advent (pages 1–8):
Chapter 2 old heritage (pages 9–17):
Chapter three electric Measurements (pages 19–35):
Chapter four Interface States (pages 37–65):
Chapter five Ultrahigh Vacuum expertise (pages 67–82):
Chapter 6 floor and Interface research (pages 83–92):
Chapter 7 Photoemission Spectroscopy (pages 93–127):
Chapter eight Photoemission with smooth X?Rays (pages 129–145):
Chapter nine Particle–Solid Scattering (pages 147–168):
Chapter 10 Electron power Loss Spectroscopy (pages 169–182):
Chapter eleven Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (pages 183–196):
Chapter 12 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (pages 197–212):
Chapter thirteen Electron Diffraction (pages 213–235):
Chapter 14 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (pages 237–255):
Chapter 15 Optical Spectroscopies (pages 257–278):
Chapter sixteen Cathodoluminescence Spectroscopy (pages 279–304):
Chapter 17 digital fabrics' Surfaces (pages 305–326):
Chapter 18 Adsorbates on digital fabrics' Surfaces (pages 327–363):
Chapter 19 Adsorbate–Semiconductor Sensors (pages 365–382):
Chapter 20 Semiconductor Heterojunctions (pages 383–445):
Chapter 21 Metals on Semiconductors (pages 447–522):
Chapter 22 the way forward for Interfaces (pages 523–538):

By Klaus D. Sattler

Extensive examine on fullerenes, nanoparticles, and quantum dots within the Nineties resulted in curiosity in nanotubes and nanowires in next years. guide of Nanophysics: Nanotubes and Nanowires makes a speciality of the elemental physics and most modern functions of those very important nanoscale fabrics and constructions. each one peer-reviewed bankruptcy features a broad-based creation and complements realizing of the cutting-edge clinical content material via primary equations and illustrations, a few in colour. This quantity first covers key facets of carbon nanotubes, together with quantum and electron shipping, isotope engineering, and fluid movement, prior to exploring inorganic nanotubes, similar to spinel oxide nanotubes, magnetic nanotubes, and self-assembled peptide nanostructures. It then makes a speciality of germanium, gallium nitride, gold, polymer, and natural nanowires and their houses. The publication additionally discusses nanowire arrays, nanorods, atomic wires, monatomic chains, ultrathin gold nanowires, and several other nanorings, together with superconducting, ferromagnetic, and quantum dot nanorings. Nanophysics brings jointly a number of disciplines to figure out the structural, digital, optical, and thermal habit of nanomaterials; electric and thermal conductivity; the forces among nanoscale gadgets; and the transition among classical and quantum habit. Facilitating verbal exchange throughout many disciplines, this landmark book encourages scientists with disparate pursuits to collaborate on interdisciplinary initiatives and contain the speculation and method of different parts into their paintings.

By Liu Ru-Shi

While the dimensions and the form of fabrics are diminished to the nanoscale measurement, their actual and chemical houses can switch dramatically. This ebook demonstrates the managed measurement and form of nanostructured fabrics and their purposes. The functions hide photocatalysts, biomedicals, nanomaterials, gas cells and supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, light-emitting diodes, and box emission exhibit. This publication could be the first to obviously indicate the connection among the scale and the constitution of the fabrics, which strongly impacts their houses. figuring out those regulate parameters has vital technological implications for strength conversion and garage, biotechnology, lights and demonstrate, etc.