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By Leonid Zhmud
This can be the 1st finished learn of what is still of the writings of Aristotle's scholar Eudemus of Rhodes at the historical past of the precise sciences. those fragments are an important to our figuring out of the content material, shape, and aim of the Peripatetic historiography of technology.
The first a part of the ebook offers an research of these developments in Presocratic, Sophistic and Platonic idea that contributed to the improvement of the heritage of technological know-how. the second one half offers a close research of Eudemus' writings of their dating with the medical literature of his time, Aristotelian philosophy and the opposite historiographic genres practiced on the Lyceum: biography, scientific and natural-philosophical doxography. even supposing Peripatetic historiography of technological know-how failed in developing itself as a continual style, it tremendously contributed either to the beginning of the Arabic medieval historiography of technology and to the advance of this style in Europe within the 16th-18th centuries.
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41 Already in the early seventh century, fame could be achieved by accomplishments whose practical significance for society was far from evident: victory in a stadium race, poetic endowment, or invention of a musical instrument. Greek athletics, poetry, and music manifested themselves earlier than other activities simply because they were rooted in the traditions of the preliterate epoch. In the first part of the sixth century, to which our earliest mention of pro¯tos heurete¯s belongs, fame could be claimed by those who proved a geometrical theorem, drew a geographical map, or imparted a new philosophical theory to his fellow citizens.
52 Without the idea of the progressive growth of knowledge, the history of science would have hardly come about, and we have abundant evidence that the science of the past and the present was indeed described by the Greeks in the terms of ‘progress’. In the fifth – fourth centuries BC, the idea 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 Edelstein, L. The idea of progress in classical Antiquity, Baltimore 1967. The notions of progress that reappeared in the 16th–17th centuries were chiefly based on the same two components (Edelstein, op.
Ch. 2–3. See below, 35 n. 60. On the positive attitudes of the Greeks to technology, see Schneider, op. ; Schürmann, A. Griechische Mechanik und antike Gesellschaft, Stuttgart 1991. Arist. Pol. , b 23f. = DK 39 A 1. Aristotle approved of Hippodamus’ idea, particularly with regard to arts and sciences, objecting only to too-frequent changes of laws. 2. 1). In the third century, Eratosthenes was so proud of having invented a new device for drawing curves that he dedicated to King Ptolemy III a bronze model of it, adding a fine epigram that emphasized the practical utility of the device.