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By Springhouse
Nurse's quickly cost: ailments, moment Edition provides very important details on over 450 illnesses in an easy-to-scan layout utilizing bulleted lists, charts, and illustrations. each one illness is roofed on a two-page unfold that incorporates pathophysiology, factors, threat components, problems, evaluation, therapy, nursing interventions, results, and sufferer schooling. Life-Threatening Disorder banners point out the main severe illnesses. Alert icons spotlight the most important sufferer safeguard information.
This variation covers fifteen new illnesses, features a newly up to date infrequent affliction appendix, has extra illustrations, contains prevention guidance sidebars, and has Special Populations icons indicating scientific guidance for pediatric, geriatric, and different sufferers. superior remedy sections in every one access contain names of person medications.
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Extra info for Nurse’s Quick Check: Diseases
Sample text
From injury to or destruction of stem cells in bone marrow or the bone marrow matrix ❍ Causes pancytopenia (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia) and bone marrow hypoplasia Pathophysiology ❍ Aplastic anemia usually develops when damaged or destroyed stem cells inhibit red blood cell (RBC) production. ❍ Less commonly, this disease develops when damaged bone marrow microvasculature creates an unfavorable environment for cell growth and maturation. qxd 8/2/12 4:21 PM Page 47 ❍ maintain normal cardiac output ❍ exhibit adequate ventilation ❍ express feelings of increased comfort and decreased pain.
Protect the patient from injury. ❍ Provide rest periods. ❍ Provide an exercise program. ❍ Encourage independence. ❍ Offer frequent toileting. ❍ Assist with hygiene and dressing. ❍ Give prescribed drugs. ❍ Provide familiar objects to help with orientation and behavior control. qxd 8/2/12 4:21 PM Page 38 Amebiasis Overview Description ❍ An acute or chronic protozoal infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica ❍ Produces varying degrees of illness, from no symp- toms to mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery ❍ Extraintestinal type: may induce hepatic abscess and infections of the lungs, pleural cavity, pericardium, peritoneum and, rarely, the brain ❍ Also known as amebic dysentery Pathophysiology ❍ E.
In female-pattern alopecia, there’s usually an elevation in serum adrenal androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. Causes Nonscarring alopecia ❍ Genetic predisposition ❍ Androgen response ❍ Aging ❍ Radiation ❍ Chemotherapy ❍ Drugs (see Cancer drugs that cause alopecia) ❍ Bacterial and fungal infections ❍ Psoriasis ❍ Seborrhea ❍ Endocrine disorders ❍ Excess vitamin A Scarring alopecia ❍ Physical or chemical trauma ❍ Radiation ❍ Chemotherapy ❍ Chronic tension on a hair shaft ❍ Destructive skin tumors ❍ Granulomas ❍ Lupus erythematosus ❍ Scleroderma 34 Alopecia ❍ Follicular lichen planus ❍ Severe bacterial or viral infections Incidence ❍ Affects males more than females ❍ Occurs most commonly in males older than age 50 in male-pattern alopecia ❍ Rises with increasing age in male-pattern alopecia ❍ Occurs to some degree in 37% of postmenopausal women Common characteristics ❍ Hair loss Complications ❍ Impaired self-image Assessment History Male-pattern alopecia ❍ Presence of predisposing factors ❍ Family history of hair loss ❍ Gradual onset of hair loss ❍ Typically describes hairline as receding and his crown becoming bald Female-pattern alopecia ❍ Typically describes a widening of her part and increasing visibility of her front scalp or crown Telogen effluvium ❍ Loss of about 400 hairs per day, which is four to five times greater than the normal daily hair loss Alopecia areata ❍ Sudden loss of hair Physical findings ❍ Small patches of visible scalp or entire scalp visible (alopecia totalis); may involve the entire body (alopecia universalis) ❍ Generally, normal scalp appearance ❍ “Exclamation point” hairs (loose hairs with dark, rough, brushlike tips on narrow, less pigmented shafts) at the periphery of new patches ❍ Regrowth initially as fine, white, downy hair; replaced by normal hair Test results Laboratory ❍ Direct microscopic examination shows structural abnormalities or signs of infection.