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By Dieter Nohlen
This quantity maintains the sequence of election facts handbooks released by means of OUP. It provides the 1st ever compendium of electoral information for all 35 states within the Americas from their independence, or the creation of common male suffrage, to the current. Containing contributions from popular students, Elections within the Americas is a hugely authoritative source for historic and cross-national comparisons of elections and electoral structures.
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Additional resources for Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook Volume 2: South America
Example text
Elections are considered an act of forming political will, not as a portrayal of the voters’ opinions. The first parameter to ensure a reasonable degree of concentration of an electoral system is the number of parties that receive parliamentary seats, and the second parameter is the ability to form a stable party or coalition majorities in parliament. Unstable government conditions caused by multiparty systems are frequently perceived as being problematic. (3) Participation concerns the possibility for the voter to express his or her political preference, with regard both to parties and candidates in the framework of the alternative between the personalized vote and party or list vote.
5%). 1%) the winner’s share was particularly low. The average winning share in the first round in plurality systems with minimum threshold was over 50% in two countries. 9%. When we look at countries in which the Elections and Electoral Systems 27 electoral system was changed (Argentina, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador and Uruguay) we notice that the differences in the winner’s share are so strongly influenced by contingent factors that it is difficult to establish a general assessment.
The only country with mid-term renewal is Argentina (until 1994 one-third renewal, since the reduction of a presidential term, half renewal). For the senate, the term differs from that of the house of deputies in Argentina (six years), in Brazil and Chile Elections and Electoral Systems 23 (eight years) and in Mexico (six years). Whereas half the deputies are renewed in Argentina (every two years) and Chile (every four years), in Brazil one-third or two-thirds of the senators are renewed every four years.