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By Alexander N. Gorban, Boris M. Kaganovich, Sergey P. Filippov, Alexandre V. Keiko, Vitaly A. Shamansky, Igor A. Shirkalin
This e-book discusses mathematical versions which are in line with the suggestions of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. they're meant for the research of attainable result of assorted typical and construction techniques. in contrast to the normal versions, those let one to view the a possibility set of partial equilibria as regards to constraints on kinetics, strength and mass trade and to figure out states of the studied structures of curiosity for the researcher. software of the recommended versions in chemical expertise, power and ecology is illustrated within the examples.
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Additional resources for Thermodynamic Equilibria and Extrema: Analysis of Attainability Regions and Partial Equilibrium
Example text
Comparing the results of modeling with the known published data on the processes, similar to those studied, we can correct iteratively these assumptions and achieve plausibility of the final result of the computational studies. A comprehensive analysis of possible feasibility of complex processes certainly requires employment of other models besides MEIS. 16)) helps us estimate the impact of the process mechanism on the attainable states. Estimation of stability of the analyzed partial equilibria can require direct application of kinetic models.
It is clear that the preparatory work requires a researcher’s experience and knowledge. A number of complicated problems are associated with creation of computational algorithms. Though the models discussed in the book relate to the problems of convex programming, cases where the functions to be optimized deviate from strict convexity or linearity are possible, and this increases the requirements on the methods of calculations. Another computational complexity is determined by a very slight slope of optimized function surfaces near the final equilibrium and along the individual axes near the partial equilibria, including the points of phase transitions.
25 of the Introduction and in the body of the book. 16. Constraints on Exchange As mentioned above, most chemical-technological systems and practically all natural systems are open. Even in cases where the processes taking place in them can be studied using the models of closed systems, we still encounter problems describing the mass-and-energy exchange with the environment. As examples we can present here the problems of modeling atmospheric pollution and state of indoor air environment. The components of the atmosphere of any city or region are involved in the various processes of exchange with the heterogeneous environment: mass transfer by the air flows from the neighboring regions, sorption (desorption) by ground surface; solution in the aqueous medium; condensation (evaporation); and energy exchange with solar radiation, water, and terrestrial surface.