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15. Soft x-ray absorption coefficients lacking sharp edges (after R. ) 41 SynchrotronRadiationas a LightSource bismuth have deafly demonstrated the absence of sharp edges as has the work of others [83, 84]. Order problems inherent to working with synchrotron radiation were suppressed by using selective filters and analyzing measurements on films with thicknesses varying from 50 to 6500 A. The measured spectra exhibit little or no structure and nothing even vaguely resembling the sharp structure observed in hard x-ray spectra.
16 and 17 exhibit the results of room temperature absorption measurements made by the DESY group on the sodium and lithium halides. The solid vertical bars indicate the positions of atomic x-ray edges according to Bearden [97]. The positions of pronounced peaks in the electron energy-loss data of Creuzburg [98] are indicated by arrows. It should be pointed out that the resolution was sufficient to insure that the broadness of the structure is not instrumental in nature. The most prominent narrow peaks at energies near the atomic edges are probably due to excitons.
Have calculated the partial oscillator sums to determine the effective number of absorbing electrons per atom noff in the energy region El to E2 according to E2 A neff= lre2hL Q | #ride ; mc t/ E1 where L is Avogadro's number, A atomic weight, Q density, and n the index of refraction; n was assumed equal to one. This sum rule is essentially the same as Eq. (26). Table 4 shows the atomic configurations of the elements measured. The boxes enclose the levels which could be excited in the energy range studied.