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Extra info for Ranke. The Meaning of History
Sample text
Whether by invocation o f G o d or o f humanity he w o u l d continue to subsume the particular results o f his speciaUzed research under a higher category that gave i t meaning. Thus he w o u l d justify his research by referring to its view o f " t h e i m mediate w o r k i n g , the visible action o f G o d ' ' ; to its revelation o f a " h u m a n h i s t o r y " that shows " t h e ideality o f an original and forever God-related existence, . . "* By this explanation, Ranke's generalizing and individualizing ideas o f history could coexist because, however anomalous ab stractly, operationally they acted on different planes—the one served the other.
O f these experiences and his responses to t h e m , three require particular attention, because they are so apt to be casually misunderstood and because they have a historiographical as m u c h as a biographi cal resonance. Ranke's Prussianism, his religiosity, h i s j o i n t passion for intangible unities and for concrete details: these w o u l d be comtant themes i n his hfe that came f r o m the experience o f his formative years, and i t is w o r t h w h i l e , for the i l l u m i n a t i o n b o t h o f Ranke and o f the h u m a n process generally, to see how events harden i n t o attributes.
The "specific p r i n c i p l e " o f the "сопмпоп l i f e " w h i c h is the substance o f universal history is the history o f " c i v i l i z a t i o n , " a category which includes thc arts, sciences, reUgion, and the state. '* Rankc's unscientific counterpoint has been summed u p i n the problematic reinterprctation o f his renowned scientific d i c t u m that history aims a t ' 'what actually h a p p e n e d . ' ' I t no longer means the objective reporting o f past facts i n the documents; i t refers, rather, to the reconstruction o f the past life b e h i n d thc documents.