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By J. H. M. Wedderburn
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Let us introduce a model of these interactions in which we postulate that the force between one object and another is “carried”, or mediated, by entities, generated by their sources; let them travel in straight lines between the objects. The mediators are capable of transferring momentum between the interacting objects. Consider the case in which a stationary charge Q is the source of mediators that travel, isotropically, from the charge at a uniform rate: Area. A at 1m. Charge Q Area. 4A at 2m.
His use of a theoretical argument based on the conservation of energy was not a standard procedure in Physics until much later. 4 times more massive than our Sun, has a Schwarzschild radius of only 2km and a density of 1020 kg/m3. This is far 53 greater than the density of an atomic nucleus. 4 MSUN), the gravitational self-attraction leads inevitably to its collapse to a “point”. Studies of the X-ray source Cygnus X-1 indicate that it is a member of a binary system, the other member being a massive “blue supergiant” There is evidence for the flow of matter from the massive optical star to the X-ray source, with an accretion disc around the center of the X-ray source.
I have discussed some of the great contributions made by Einstein to our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the workings of our world, and the universe, beyond. He was a true genius, he was a visionary, and he was a man of peace. 54 Appendix The following material presents the main ideas of Einstein’s Special Relativity in a mathematical form. It is written for those with a flair for Mathematics. A1. Some useful mathematics: transformations and matrices Let a point P[x, y] in a Cartesian frame be rotated about the origin through an angle of 90°; let the new position be labeled P′[x′, y′] +y P′[x′, y′] P[x, y] -x +x -y We see that the new coordinates are related to the old coordinates as follows: x′ (new) = −y (old) and y′ (new) = +x (old) where we have written the x’s and y’s in different columns for reasons that will become clear, later.