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By Frank Hartmann
This informative monograph describes the technological evolution of silicon detectors and their influence on excessive- power particle physics. the writer the following marshals his personal first-hand event within the improvement and likewise the conclusion of the DELPHI, CDF II and the CMS monitoring detector. the elemental ideas of small strip- and pixel-detectors are provided and in addition the ultimate large-scale purposes. The Evolution of Silicon Detector expertise acquaints readers with the manifold demanding situations regarding the layout of sensors and pushing this expertise to the boundaries. The specialist will locate severe info that's thus far merely to be had in numerous slide presentation scattered over the realm huge internet. This sensible creation of silicon sensor know-how and its daily existence within the lab additionally deals many examples to demonstrate difficulties and their suggestions over numerous detector generations.
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Additional resources for Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics)
Example text
Because the capacitor needs to be large, the full strip length consists of a p+ oxide metal sandwich for example in the DELPHI (Chap. 3), CDF (Chap. 4) and CMS experiments (Chap. 5). The final position of the penetration is then calculated by analysing the pulseheight distribution on the affected strips (see Fig. 17). A top view photo of a sensor with descriptions of the diverse sensor elements is presented in Fig. 18. 19 displays a 3D view of a standard single-sided sensor design. The strip pitch is a very important parameter in the design of the microstrip sensor.
Negative charge concentration can evoke a surface inversion layer, opening a hole conduit from strip to strip decreasing inter-strip resistance. An example of this undesired effect is presented in Sect. 1. Bias Ring The bias ring and backplane are the main contacts to apply the bias voltage. The bias ring runs around the whole active area of the sensor to ensure a homogeneous 17 Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer of imide monomers, it is resilient against ionizing radiation. 6 Sensor Parameters 33 Fig.
Finally in case of a pinhole, the wire connection between strip and preamplifier has to be pulled. In the case of the SVX425 chip, single channels can be even disconnected later, when configuring on chip level (refer page 62). Breaks Breaks are no danger to the readout, but will disconnect the rest of the strip and therefore all strips of the next sensors in a line. Sensors with breaks should be placed at the end of the ladder (like pinholes). Breaks are identified by comparing the current strip capacitance with the nominal strip capacitance.