British Military Intervention and the Struggle for Jordan: by Stephen Blackwell

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By Stephen Blackwell

This booklet examines why the govt led via Harold Macmillan remained able to use army strength to prop up the regime of King Hussein. Blackwell presents new ancient insights into the origins of the Anglo-American use of army energy to guard their pursuits within the center East. creation : Jordan, Suez and the decline of British effect within the heart East -- Glubb's Jordan : the Arab legion, the Hashemites and the nationalist problem, 1948-1956 -- Amman less than the shadow of Nasser : Jordanian nationalism and the Suez trouble, April-November 1956 -- The British abandonment and the yankee retrieval of Jordan, November 1956-April 1957 -- The kings opposed to the colonels : Jordan and the Anglo-American plot to overthrow the Syrian govt, 1957 -- fighting Nasser : Anglo-American aid for Jordan, Iraq and Lebanon, November 1957-June 1958 -- The Baghdad coup and the Macmillan government's determination to intrude in Jordan, 14-17 July 1958 -- A tenuous foothold : British paratroops set up in Amman, July-August 1958 -- dealing with the overseas problem : making a UN 'mantle' for Jordan, September-November 1958 -- Belated reappraisals : Anglo-American coverage, nearby nationalism and the way forward for Jordan, November 1958-March 1959

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Extra info for British Military Intervention and the Struggle for Jordan: King Hussein, Nasser and the Middle East Crisis, 1955-1958

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His extensive knowledge of the country was not easy to replace, and the next two British ambassadors, Geoffrey Furlonge and Charles Duke, were to prove to be uncertain custodians of bilateral relations at a time of significant turbulence in Jordan. In comparison with the real affection that Kirkbride had been able to invoke, Furlonge was a failure. 23 In his reportage on the political situation Furlonge affected a careless disregard of the plight of the Palestinian refugees in Jordan while keeping a cautious eye on the inconsequential manifestations of Soviet interest in the country at that time.

General Glubb held a pejorative opinion of the Zionists that was common among those British soldiers who had witnessed the death throes of the Palestine Mandate. He felt that if Israel did not seek some form of lasting peace, the Arabs would one day put aside their differences to ‘wreak a terrible revenge’ on the Jewish state. 28 Glubb nevertheless believed that the Israeli armed forces could destroy the Arab Legion within a matter of days if it came to a direct confl ict. This disparity of strength was brutally exposed by the savage Israeli reprisal raid led by a young officer, Ariel Sharon, on the West Bank village of Qibya on the night of 14 October 1953.

On 11 January 1956, Nasser explained to Humphrey Trevelyan, the British ambassador in Egypt, that he saw the pact as a ruse to isolate Egypt. 62 By this time, however, the wind had been taken out of the sails of the demonstrators by the clampdown of the Arab Legion and a series of hasty political concessions by the monarchy. An initial casualty was the new government led by Ibrahim Hashim, which collapsed on 7 January after only being in power for eighteen days. Following the resignation of Hashim, Hussein asked Samir al-Rifai to take the premiership.

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