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By Ruth Chigwada-Bailey
An incisive account of the way the a number of risks of race, gender and sophistication come jointly to create deeper degrees of discrimination and unfair remedy within the felony technique. Written via one of many UK's top girls commentators during this box, who has chanced on a powerful area of interest in gender and discrimination reviews.
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In contrast, Asian women are viewed as 'passive', 'hysterical', or subject to oppressive practices within the family. Such stereotyping has deterred police from taking action or prosecuting in cases of domestic violence involving black women who are seen as able to look after themselves. Helena Kennedy mentions the trial of a Ugandan woman for grievous bodily harm to her husband by pouring hot cooking-fat over him. It came to light that, although the woman had called the police repeatedly, her violent husband was never arrested.
Heidensohn5 , and Morris in their reviews of the literature on female crime identified the following problems: • women's and girls' crime and deviance were explained more often by biological factors than social or economic forces; • representations of their motives, or of the circumstances leading to their crimes, were often wrong or distorted; and • sexual deviance-ranging from a broken hymen to 'immorality' or prostitution-merged with criminal deviance. Such critiques stemmed from sexist assumptions of predominantly (but not exclusively) male criminologists who tried to explain women's crime, without any real understanding of a woman's perspective.
These stereotype-led differences in dealing with white and black women meant that, for a white woman, parental responsibility was likely to be a mitigating factor, whereas for a black woman it was seen to be proof of her fecklessness and became an aggravating factor. Similar attitudes apply to foreign nationals, who are accounting for an increasing proportion of the female prison population: the fact that they may have committed crimes out of extreme poverty as the only way of providing for their families is unlikely to be seen as reducing culpability.