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By Smith N.B., Webb A.
Overlaying the fundamentals of X-rays, CT, puppy, nuclear drugs, ultrasound, and MRI, this textbook presents senior undergraduate and starting graduate scholars with a wide creation to scientific imaging. Over one hundred thirty end-of-chapter routines are integrated, as well as solved instance difficulties, which allow scholars to grasp the idea in addition to supplying them with the instruments had to resolve more challenging difficulties. the fundamental idea, instrumentation and cutting-edge thoughts and functions are lined, bringing scholars instantly up to date with contemporary advancements, resembling mixed computed tomography/positron emission tomography, multi-slice CT, 4-dimensional ultrasound, and parallel imaging MR know-how. scientific examples supply useful purposes of physics and engineering wisdom to drugs. eventually, priceless references to specialized texts, contemporary overview articles, and appropriate medical journals are supplied on the finish of every bankruptcy, making this an incredible textbook for a one-semester path in clinical imaging.
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Extra info for Introduction to medical imaging: Physics, engineering and clinical applications
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28, which uses a Shepp-Logan phantom. This is an object which contains both large and small features, and is very commonly used in assessing image reconstruction algorithms. 30 General image characteristics The various shapes represent different features within the brain, including the skull, ventricles and several small features either overlapping other structures or placed close together. 1 In a patient study for a new test for multiple sclerosis (MS), 32 of the 100 patients studied actually have MS.
In order to produce a tight beam of electrons, a negatively-charged ‘focusing cup’ surrounds the cathode. A large positive voltage is applied to a metal target, which thus forms an anode. 3 (left) An X-ray tube enclosed in an evacuated glass enclosure. (right) The individual components of an X-ray tube. high velocities. This potential difference is known as the accelerating voltage, or kVp. 3. The metal anode must be able to produce X-rays efficiently, and also be able to withstand the very high temperatures generated.
5. 2 Compton scattering Compton scattering refers to the interaction between an incident X-ray and a loosely bound electron in an outer shell of an atom in tissue. In Compton scattering a small fraction of the incident X-ray energy is transferred to this loosely-bound electron. 9. The energy of the scattered X-ray can be calculated by applying the laws of conservation of momentum and energy. 9 Compton scattering of an incident X-ray involves an outer electron being ejected from a tissue molecule (left), with the X-ray being scattered at an angle h with respect to its initial trajectory (right).